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CrossRef 31 Alice S. Effect on 24-h energy expenditure of a moderate-fat diet high in monounsaturated fatty acids compared with that of a low-fat, carbohydrate-rich diet: a 6-mo controlled dietary intervention trial. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. HGI denotes high glycemic index, HP high protein, LGI low glycemic index, and LP low protein. There was no significant interaction between the high-protein diets and the low-glycemic-index diets. (2016) Weight loss predictability by plasma metabolic signatures in adults with obesity and morbid obesity of the DiOGenes study. The completion analysis, which included all participants for whom data were available from both the time of randomization and the end of the trial intervention, was performed with the use of analysis of covariance. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Blaak. (2016) Interactions between Starch, Lipids, and Proteins in Foods: Microstructure Control for Glycemic Response Modulation. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. To account for bias resulting from different rates of dropout among the groups, we used a mixed model to evaluate the weight changes (assessed at eight time points during the 26-week intervention). Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. 6 kg), as compared with the total weight loss in most studies of similar length. CrossRef 42 Johanna H. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2017) Long-term effect of exercise on improving fatty liver and cardiovascular risk factors in obese adults: A 1-year follow-up study. M. Amore, M. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. The groups did not differ significantly with respect to diet-related adverse events. Two-tailed P values of less than 0. In addition, a linear regression analysis was performed to test the main effects of protein and glycemic index separately. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The control diet, which followed dietary guidelines in each participating country, had a moderate protein content and did not include instructions to participants with respect to the glycemic index. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. 4 percentage points of total energy in protein content between the high-protein and the low-protein groups and 4. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. (2016) The Role of Macronutrient Content in the Diet for Weight Management. Atkins and other low-carbohydrate diets: hoax or an effective tool for weight loss. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Dietary strategy to manipulate ad libitum macronutrient intake, and glycaemic index, across eight European countries in the Diogenes Study. (2016) The Impact of Gender and Protein Intake on the Success of Weight Maintenance and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Benefits, Independent of the Mode of Food Provision: The DiOGenes Randomized Trial. Clifton, Leodevico L. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Saris. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Alfredo Martinez. Simpson, David Raubenheimer. In addition, the participants assigned to the diet that was high in protein with a low glycemic index continued to lose weight after the initial weight loss. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. In the shop centers, the high-protein groups gained 2. The analyses were adjusted for the body-mass index at the time of randomization and the change in body weight from the beginning of the low-calorie-diet phase to the time of randomization as covariates and diet group, sex, and type of center (shop or instruction) as factors. HGI denotes high glycemic index, HP high protein, LGI low glycemic index, and LP low protein. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The dropout rate (29%) was higher than the expected rate of 20%, 11 possibly owing to difficulty in maintaining motivation in whole families over the course of the 26 weeks of the study. Monitoring Food Intake The study participants weighed their food and completed food diaries for 3 consecutive days at the time of screening (9 to 11 weeks before randomized assignment to the maintenance intervention), 4 weeks after randomization, and at the end of the 26-week intervention. 13 Moore CS, Lindroos AK, Kreutzer M, et al. A reduced-glycemic load diet in the treatment of adolescent obesity. (2016) Postprandial insulin and glucose levels are reduced in healthy subjects when a standardised breakfast meal is supplemented with a filtered sugarcane molasses concentrate. (2016) Raised FGF-21 and Triglycerides Accompany Increased Energy Intake Driven by Protein Leverage in Lean, Healthy Individuals: A Randomised Trial. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. The overall study leaders, together with the principal investigator at each study center, designed the study. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. 7 kg less body weight than did the low-protein groups (P Adverse Events Four serious adverse events were reported during the weight-maintenance period. Developing a methodology for assigning glycaemic index values to foods consumed across Europe. 21 Furthermore, a Cochrane meta-analysis of intervention studies showed that there was a 1. Comparative effects of three popular diets on lipids, endothelial function, and C-reactive protein during weight maintenance. (2016) Theoretical examination of behavioural feedback in the application of teledietetics to weight reduction. CrossRef 24 Paul Arciero, Rohan Edmonds, Feng He, Emery Ward, Eric Gumpricht, Alex Mohr, Michael Ormsbee, Arne Astrup. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. We performed a sensitivity analysis, assuming a 1-kg weight gain per month in participants who had dropped out of the study. A method to achieve control of dietary macronutrient composition in ad libitum diets consumed by free-living subjects. Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2016, 1-6. Discussion In this study, the rate of completion of the intervention and the rate of maintenance of weight loss were higher among participants who were assigned to the high-protein diets and to the low-glycemic-index diets than among those who were assigned to the low-protein diets and to the high-glycemic-index diets (with no restrictions on energy intake in any of the diets). If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Figure 2 Total 24-Hour Urinary Nitrogen Excretion and Changes in Body Weight. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. CrossRef 47 Elena Arranz, Milena Corredig, Anilda Guri. CrossRef 43 Eleni Karfopoulou, Dora Brikou, Eirini Mamalaki, Fragiskos Bersimis, Costas A. HGI denotes high glycemic index, HP high protein, LCD low-calorie diet, LGI low glycemic index, and LP low protein. Thus, the change in body weight that was observed in the control group was as expected, given the protein content and glycemic-index value of the diet. Modern statistical methods for handling missing repeated measurements in obesity trial data: beyond LOCF. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. A. CrossRef 12 Anne Raben. CrossRef 6 Mette Kristensen, Xavier Pelletier, Alastair Ross, Frank Thielecke. Jenkins, M. (2016) Weighing up dietary patterns. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 35:1, 20-30. Higher dietary adherence might have resulted in even greater weight loss. In both analyses, we adjusted for the same covariates as in the intention-to-treat analysis described above, as well as for the length of time between randomization and the end of the intervention. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The role of low-fat diets in body weight control: a meta-analysis of ad libitum dietary intervention studies. , ad libitum diets), in order to test the ability of the diets to regulate appetite and body weight. Despite issues of adherence, we believe that our results are generalizable to obese people, particularly if diets are facilitated by easy access to low-glycemic-index foods and a culture that supports these dietary changes. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. 11 The study was conducted in eight European countries: Denmark, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Greece (Crete), Germany, Spain, Bulgaria, and the Czech Republic. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2016) Designing food delivery systems: challenges related to the in vitro methods employed to determine the fate of bioactives in the gut. Lifestyle Issues: Diet. Botti, M. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Montella. Rinaldo, E. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Di Bonito, G. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. 2 MJ (800 to 1000 kcal) per day. Randomized trial on protein vs carbohydrate in ad libitum fat reduced diet for the treatment of obesity. The European Commission Food Quality and Safety Priority of the Sixth Framework Programme (the main sponsor of the study) had no role in the design of the study or in the analysis or interpretation of the data. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Odense, Denmark: Epidata Association, 2004. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. CrossRef 33 Louisa MY Chung, Shirley SM Fong, Queenie PS Law, Ada WW Ma, Lina PY Chow, Joanne WY Chung. Since there were no differences in fiber intake, the difference in body weight, though small, can be ascribed to a true effect of the glycemic index. 56 kg), and the overall weight loss in all participants who completed the intervention was therefore quite high (10. HGI denotes high glycemic index, HP high protein, LCD low-calorie diet, LGI low glycemic index, and LP low protein. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 56:4, 541-590. Panel A shows 24-hour urinary nitrogen excretion, as a marker of dietary protein intake, from the time before the low-calorie diet (LCD) was initiated through the end of the weight-maintenance intervention. Measurement of urinary nitrogen excretion confirmed adherence to the diets (high-protein vs. This intention-to-treat model provides unbiased results under the assumption that missing data were missing at random. The calculation of nutrient intake was performed with the use of local food databases, as described previously. Methods Study Protocol The study design, methods, and procedures have been described in detail previously. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Study participants were instructed to maintain their weight loss during this phase, although further weight reduction was allowed. 17% of total energy consumed), with a glycemic index between the high-glycemic-index and low-glycemic-index diets. 05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. The changes in body weight from randomization to week 26 among participants who completed the intervention are also shown (boxes). 7 glycemic-index units between the low-glycemic-index and the high-glycemic-index groups. 3 to 4. M. However, subgroup analyses suggested that the high-protein diets were more effective at the shop centers, whereas the low-glycemic-index effect was greater at the instruction centers. (2016) Weight Regain Following Intentional Weight Loss in Older Adults. (2016) Nutrition Interventions for Obesity. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. 9 However, previous studies were designed to investigate weight loss, not weight maintenance, rendering direct comparisons difficult. All five diets were designed to have a moderate fat content (25 to 30% of total energy consumed) with no restrictions on energy intake (i. Santos. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Simpson, Darcy Johannsen. 3-MJ (800-kcal) low-calorie diet. Riccardi, A. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Chapter 3 Health Aspects of Mono- and Disaccharides. Media in This Article Figure 1 Screening, Randomization, and Follow-up of Study Participants. CrossRef 4 Hui-Jie Zhang, Ling-Ling Pan, Zhi-Min Ma, Zheng Chen, Zhu-Feng Huang, Qian Sun, Yan Lu, Cheng-Kun Han, Ming-Zhu Lin, Xue-Jun Li, Shu-Yu Yang, Xiao-Ying Li. The changes in body weight from randomization to week 26 among participants who completed the intervention are also shown (boxes). If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. CrossRef 44 Santiago Navas-Carretero, Claus Holst, Wim H. 2016.
This difference is consistent with results from a previous study. org. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Panel A shows 24-hour urinary nitrogen excretion, as a marker of dietary protein intake, from the time before the low-calorie diet (LCD) was initiated through the end of the weight-maintenance intervention. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. CrossRef 23 Megan Gow, Sarah Garnett, Louise Baur, Natalie Lister. We targeted a difference of 15 glycemic-index units between the high-glycemic-index diets and the low-glycemic-index diets and a difference of 12% of total energy consumed from protein between the high-protein diets and the low-protein diets. CrossRef 5 Feng He, Li Zuo, Emery Ward, Paul Arciero. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The Diet, Obesity and Genes (Diogenes) Dietary Study in eight European countries -- a comprehensive design for long-term intervention. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The effects of high protein diets on thermogenesis, satiety and weight loss: a critical review. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. The protocol, including the statistical analysis plan, is available with the full text of this article at NEJM. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. 2016. After completion of this phase of the study, 773 participants entered the weight-maintenance phase ( Figure 1 Figure 1 Screening, Randomization, and Follow-up of Study Participants. CrossRef 11 Javier Parada, Jose L. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 45:3, 581-604. The authors attest that the study was performed in accordance with the protocol and the statistical analysis plan. low-protein), but adherence decreased toward the end of the study. Abstract Background Studies of weight-control diets that are high in protein or low in glycemic index have reached varied conclusions, probably owing to the fact that the studies had insufficient power. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 56:14, 2362-2369. (2016) Meta-analysis of variance: an illustration comparing the effects of two dietary interventions on variability in weight. All participants who underwent randomization and for whom data on weight at the time of randomization were available were included. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14:1, 59. (2016) Protein-Pacing Caloric-Restriction Enhances Body Composition Similarly in Obese Men and Women during Weight Loss and Sustains Efficacy during Long-Term Weight Maintenance. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Ciliberto, D. (2017) Serum Polychlorinated Biphenyls Increase and Oxidative Stress Decreases with a Protein-Pacing Caloric Restriction Diet in Obese Men and Women. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Smilde, Ben van Ommen, Wim H. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for overweight and obesity. (2017) Risk Differences Between Prediabetes And Diabetes According To Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes. Siri-Tarino. Jebb, Anthony Kafatos, Angeliki Papadaki, Andreas F. In conclusion, in this large, randomized study, a diet that was moderately high in protein content and slightly reduced in glycemic index improved the rate of completion of the intervention and maintenance of weight loss and therefore appears to be ideal for the prevention of weight regain. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. The number of adverse events was lower in the group assigned to the diet that was low in protein with a high glycemic index than in any of the other groups, but the pattern of adverse events does not suggest any causal relation to the diet (for further details on adverse events, see the Supplementary Appendix ). If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. CrossRef 26 Arne Astrup, Jennie Brand-Miller, David J A Jenkins, Geoffrey Livesey, Walter C Willett. (2016) More Frequent Clinic Visits Are Associated with Improved Outcomes for Children with NAFLD. (2016) The Effectiveness of Different Diet Strategies to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Youth. Molecular Targets and Strategies in Cancer Prevention, 117-149. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 19:4, 289-293. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The effect of dietary glycemic index on weight maintenance in overweight subjects: a pilot study. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. (2017) A High Rate of Non-Compliance Confounds the Study of Whole Grains and Weight Maintenance in a Randomised Intervention Trial—The Case for Greater Use of Dietary Biomarkers in Nutrition Intervention Studies. We report here the results of the 26-week weight-maintenance intervention phase of the study. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. 17 The model considered all available weight recordings during the intervention for all participants who underwent randomization and assumed that the weight changes in participants who dropped out of the study followed the same course. Glycemic response and health -- a systematic review and meta-analysis: relations between dietary glycemic properties and health outcomes. Local sponsors made financial contributions to the shop centers, which also received a number of foods free of charge from food manufacturers. (2016) PREVIEW Behavior Modification Intervention Toolbox (PREMIT): A Study Protocol for a Psychological Element of a Multicenter Project. Article Activity 286 articles have cited this article Article The importance of the composition of a diet for the prevention and management of obesity is debated. No difference in body weight decrease between a low-glycemic-index and a high-glycemic-index diet but reduced LDL cholesterol after 10-wk ad libitum intake of the low-glycemic-index diet. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The Diogenes project was supported by a contract (FP6-2005-513946) from the European Commission Food Quality and Safety Priority of the Sixth Framework Program. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. org. The local sponsors and food manufacturers had no influence on the selection of foods found in the two shops, nor were they involved in designing the study or in analyzing and interpreting data. Mean intakes of energy and macronutrients, the glycemic index, and the glycemic load were compared with the use of one-way analysis of variance. Methods We enrolled overweight adults from eight European countries who had lost at least 8% of their initial body weight with a 3. H. Comparison of the Atkins, Zone, Ornish, and LEARN diets for change in weight and related risk factors among overweight premenopausal women: the A TO Z Weight Loss Study: a randomized trial. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Libra, G. Hill, Mary Yannakoulia. CrossRef 51 Kayoung Lee. High-protein weight-loss diets: are they safe and do they work. Augustin, Laura Chiavaroli, Janice Campbell, Adish Ezatagha, Alexandra L. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. 7:8, 3319-3336. Participants could also eat up to 400 g of vegetables, providing a total, including the low-calorie diet, of 3. (2016) Cardiometabolic Syndrome and Increased Risk of Heart Failure. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. The differences that were achieved in the study were 5. CrossRef 48 Carol Lam, Robert Bandsma, Simon Ling, Marialena Mouzaki. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. All participants who underwent randomization and for whom data on weight at the time of randomization were available were included. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Comparison of 4 diets of varying glycemic load on weight loss and cardiovascular risk reduction in overweight and obese young adults: a randomized controlled trial. (2015) Long-term Weight Loss Maintenance. John Sutton. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. (2016) Carbohydrate quantity and quality and cardio-metabolic risk. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Ilag. Weight regain in our study was relatively low (0. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. J. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. 1-kg greater weight loss with low-glycemic-index diets than with high-glycemic-index diets. CrossRef 8 Nicola Guess. Suboptimal adherence, perhaps owing to insufficient knowledge of the content of local foods, may have accounted for the failure to reach the targeted differences in protein and glycemic index. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at NEJM. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Visits for dietary counseling took place every other week during the first 6 weeks and monthly thereafter. Ryan. We used families as the unit of randomization, since we thought that adult participants would be more likely to adhere to the diet if the entire family had the same diet. CrossRef 22 Daniela Kahlert, Annelie Unyi-Reicherz, Gareth Stratton, Thomas Meinert Larsen, Mikael Fogelholm, Anne Raben, Wolfgang Schlicht. Ard, Gary Miller, Scott Kahan. The control diet was designed according to guidelines in each participating country and provided a slightly higher proportion of calories from protein than that in the low-protein groups (19% vs. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The principal investigator at each study center collected the local data, which were entered into a data-registration system (EpiData) 12 and transferred to a central data hub. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. It was assumed that the correlation between weight regain at two visits decreased with the number of weeks between the visits and that the decrease per week was constant. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. A review of the experimental and epidemiologic data. CrossRef 52 Livia S. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. 11 Coding of food according to the glycemic index was performed separately from coding according to nutrient intake. The interactions between diet and sex and between diet and type of center were included in the model. Pfeiffer, Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska, Petr Hlavaty, Steen Stender, Thomas M. CrossRef 27 Ellen E. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Participants were randomly assigned, in a two-by-two factorial design, to one of five ad libitum diets to prevent weight regain over a 26-week period: a low-protein and low-glycemic-index diet, a low-protein and high-glycemic-index diet, a high-protein and low-glycemic-index diet, a high-protein and high-glycemic-index diet, or a control diet. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2016) Calorie Restricted High Protein Diets Downregulate Lipogenesis and Lower Intrahepatic Triglyceride Concentrations in Male Rats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. CrossRef 20 Lee Margolis, Donato Rivas, Yassine Ezzyat, Erin Gaffney-Stomberg, Andrew Young, James McClung, Roger Fielding, Stefan Pasiakos. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. Food Funct. The intention-to-treat analysis included data from all participants who underwent randomization. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Stroeve, Edoardo Saccenti, Jildau Bouwman, Adrie Dane, Katrin Strassburg, Jacques Vervoort, Thomas Hankemeier, Arne Astrup, Age K. However, the results indicate that even a modest increase in dietary protein or a modest reduction in glycemic-index values was sufficient to minimize weight regain and promote further weight loss in obese patients after a successful weight-loss diet. (2016) Dietary patterns in weight loss maintenance: results from the MedWeight study. De Laurentiis, M. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. A. e.
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